Which statement best characterizes acne?

• A. Excess sebum production
• B. Bacteria
• C. Inflammation
• D. Dryness

Answer: (A)

Acne is driven by excess sebum production from the sebaceous glands. When sebum is produced in large amounts, it can mix with dead skin cells and block hair follicles, forming comedones. This oily environment also supports the growth of bacteria such as Cutibacterium acnes, which can trigger inflammation and lead to red, swollen lesions. Dryness doesn’t fit because acne is associated with oilier skin rather than lack of moisture. While bacteria and inflammation play roles in how acne develops and worsens, the defining initiating factor is excess sebum production.