Which factors influence skin characteristics such as sebum production and follicle size?

• A. Age and climate
• B. Female hormones and genetics
• C. Diet only
• D. Exercise

Answer: (B)

Hormonal regulation and genetic factors govern sebum production and follicle size. Hormones, especially female hormonal signals, modulate how actively sebaceous glands produce oil; when hormonal activity is higher, glands secrete more sebum and follicles can appear larger due to increased gland activity. Genetics sets the baseline architecture of the skin and follicles, determining inherent tendencies for oiliness and follicle size. While environmental factors like age, climate, diet, and exercise can modify skin appearance, the combination of hormonal control and genetic predisposition provides the most direct explanation for these intrinsic skin characteristics.